![]() ![]() Hence, during this time, the efficiency is lower compared to around afternoon time. During evening and morning time, the sun intensity is not at peak level. During this time, the efficiency of solar cells is maximum. In the afternoon, the sun intensity is maximum. The sun’s intensity varies throughout the day. And the efficiency of solar cells is high with lower temperatures. The solar cells cannot operate efficiently at a higher temperature. The main factors affecting the efficiency of solar cells are listed below.ĭue to the intrinsic characteristic of the semiconductor material, the efficiency of solar cells is highly impacted by temperature. Theoretically, solar cells are used to operate at maximum efficiency. Related Post: Why Power Plant Rated in MW and Not in kVA?įactors affecting the efficiency of solar cells.The efficiency of solar cells equates as below The solar cells are a device that used to convert the photon energy into electrical energy. The relationship between current and voltage at the PN junction is given as the equation below. I sc = Source current generated by the sunlight.The equivalent circuit of solar cells is as shown in the figure below. ![]() The value of the fill factor remains between 0 to 1. The factor which is used to describe the performance of the solar cell is known as the fill factor. The voltage at which the power is maximum is considered as maximum voltage (V m) and maximum current (I m). And the algorithm used to track this point is known as maximum power point tracking (MPPT). This point is known as the maximum PowerPoint. And we try to operate the panel at this point. As shown in the graph of developed power, at point P, the power is maximum. And from that, we can draw a graph of power developed. The power developed by the solar cell is calculated by multiplying current and voltage. And a further increase in voltage results in a rapid decrease in current. This plot is shown in the figure below.Īs shown in the above graph, Initially, the short-circuit current remains constant with an increase in voltage. The plot of short-circuit current (ISC) and open-circuit voltage (VOC) describes the performance of the solar cell. Related Post: Thermal Power Plant – Types, Components, Turbines and WorkingĪ solar cell is nothing but a PN junction.The voltage regulators are used to maintain fluctuation within an acceptable range. This results in fluctuation in load current. Similarly, the output of the solar panel is also varying with respect to sunlight. And the sunlight is not constantly available. The output of solar panels depends on sunlight. ![]() So, the blocking diode is a diode that is connected between the battery and panel to avoid reversal current from battery to panel. But when the sunlight is not available, the current can be flow in a reverse direction and it may harm the solar panel. During charging of the battery, the current flows from panel to battery. And these panels are used to charge the battery during sunlight is available. The solar PV panels are connected with a battery. Several materials show photoelectric properties like cadmium, gallium arsenide, etc. Silicon is the most commonly used material in solar cells.
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